Primary source
Antiquities of the Jews 18.63-64
Jewish historical reference to Jesus, handled with the standard interpolation caution.
- Author
- Josephus
- Tradition
- Jewish history
Citation
Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews 18.63-64.
Where this source is used
- Jesus never existedHistorians across belief, including the agnostic scholar Bart Ehrman, agree that Jesus lived and was crucified under Pilate. The open question is who he was.
- Jesus was not crucifiedJesus' crucifixion is recorded within years by his followers and later by hostile Roman and Jewish writers; no historical record before the Qur'an says otherwise.
- The crucifixion of JesusPaul's early sources, the movement's beginnings in Jerusalem, hostile Roman and Jewish writers, and the embarrassment of a crucified Messiah all point to a real execution under Pilate.